Agriculture forms a primary sector of the economy of Tripura. More than 75% of the state's total workforce is dependent on agriculture for their subsistence. In fact, about 24.3 % of the state's net area is reserved for agricultural purposes of which, about 2.5 lakh hectares fall under the net cultivated area. Paddy is the principal crop that is reaped in Tripura. Besides paddy, jute, sugarcane, wheat, oilseeds, coconut and turmeric are also grown in plenitude in the northeast Indian state. The state takes elaborate measures to spruce up the agricultural infrastructure. New technologies, fertilizers, improved seeds and protective chemicals have been implemented to keep the state's agriculture in top shape.

The remote location, lack of power facilities as well as a well developed transport and communication network hindered the growth and development until the year 1950. However, today several small scale industries have mushroomed in the state that deal with the manufacture and production of handicrafts and handloom products, jute and tea. Natural gas and fruit processing units have also sprung up in the state.

Tripura Handloom and Handicraft Development Corporation Ltd is employing a whole array of novel marketing schemes to market the local handicraft items. The All India Handicraft Board has also established an outlet in Agartala to that specializes in the improvement of quality of the products. In fact, more than 5000 people are now employed in the handloom and handicraft industry, a burgeoning sector of the Tripura economy.

The state is also a repository of glass sand, clay, lignite and building material. The latent hydro electric potential of the state is also being exploited to further the state's industrial development. 5 industrial estates have also boomed Dharmanagar, Kumarghat, Arundhutinagar, Dhwajanagar and Dhukli while three industrial centers have come up in Agartala, Udaipur and Kailashahar